To check an NTFS formatted disk in Windows 10 you should open a command prompt as administrator and use the following switches with the chkdsk command.

• /scan - Can only be used with a NTFS disk. Runs a online scan of the volume.

• /forceofflinefix - Can only be used with a NTFS disk. Must be used with /scanswitch. Bypass all online repair; all defects found are queued for offlne repair (ex: "chkdsk /spotfix").
• /perf - Can only be used with a NTFS disk. Must be used with /scan switch. Uses more system resources to complete a scan as a fast as possible. This may have a negative performance impact on other tasks running on your system.

• /spotfix - Can only be used with a NTFS disk. Runs spot fixxing on the volume.

• sdccleanup - Can only be used with a NTFS disk. Garbage collect unneeded security desciptor data. Includes the functionality of /f.

• offlinescanandfix - Runs an offline scan and fix on the volume.

Technically the /f and /r flags are now mainly to be used for non-NTFS volumes. The /offlinescanandfix is preferred on NTFS volumes from Windows 8 onwards.

e.g.

chkdsk c: /offlinescanandfix